| 1 | Visualising the Cognitive Functions in Meaningful Learning |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 1-5
Authors: A. Ananda Kumar* and K. Chellamani**
Learning is a change in the efficiency or use of basic cognitive processes in the human brain, either consciously or unconsciously. It promotes the meaningful leaning among learners. The mechanism of emotions, cognition, metacognition and reflective practices play a vital role in meaningful learning. The meaningful learning process consists of cognitive functions such as, perception, attention, learning, and memory, problem solving and social cognition. Emotions play an important role in learning and it directly influences the process of learning. Cognitive functions facilitate information processing in the brain. It creates meaningful learning process in learning. The practice of metacognitive strategies in teaching and learning develops the problem solving ability, facilitates understanding and problem solving in mathematics. It also enhances writing skills and self-regulated leaning. Practice of reflection in teaching and learning contributes meaningful learning. This paper explains how cognitive functions make meaningful learning among learners.
Keywords: Emotions, Cognition, Metacognition, Reflective Practice and Meaningful Learning.
* ICSSR-PDF Research Scholar,School of Education Pondicherry University, Puducherry-605014, Email: kumar0253@gmail.com
** Professor , School of Education, Pondicherry University, Puducherry-605014, Email:drkchellamani @ gmail.com
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| 2 | College Experiences Defining Academic Identity |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 6-13
Authors: Ibrahim S. Al-Harthy*, Said S. Aldhafri**, Hussain A. Alkharusi***, Marwa N. Alrajhi****, Hafidha S. Al-Barashdi*****, Amal S. Alhadabi******
The current study aimed to investigate whether Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) students’ college experiences impact the adaptation of academic identities. It is assumed that Sultan Qaboos University academic system is different from high-school academic system. The differences are observed in terms of the curriculum structure, grading system, teaching style, and culture orientation. A sample of 2468 students completed self-report measures. These were self-efficacy and academic identity measure. Descriptive research design was used. The analysis supports the assumption that academic identity status is shaped through college experiences. Interestingly, the academic identity status does account for variance in the students’ GPA. The results revealed that identity foreclosure is gradually less adopted as students move on toward their degree completion. The interaction analysis revealed that the main effect of GPA on achievement identity was qualified by study year. Sultan Qaboos University students gain more confidence as they move toward degree completion. More research is needed in regard to students failing in identity restructuring, as well as strategies deployment.
Keywords: self-efficacy, academic identity, college experiences.
*Sultan Qaboos University, 2The Research Council-Oman, 3Kent State University
**ibrahimh@squ.edu.om, aldhafri@squ.edu.om, hussein5@squ.edu.om, malrajhi36@gmail.com,
***hafidhaalbarashdi@gmail.com, aalhadab@kent.edu
****Correspondent Author: Ibrahim S. Al-Harthy, ibrahimh@squ.edu.om
*****Department of Psychology, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman; Hafidha Al-Barashdi,
******The Research Council, Sultanate of Oman; Amal S. Alhadabi, graduate student, Kent State University-USA
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| 3 | Gender Differences in Patterns of Internet Usage: A Study of College Students from
Mumbai, India
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Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 14-21
Authors: Nina B. Eduljee* and Suchitra S. Kumar** Sanaea Buhariwala***
The purpose of the study was to investigate gender differences in internet usage with 323 college students (145 male, 174 female) from Mumbai, India. A specially designed 26-item structured questionnaire was administered to determine gender differences in technology ownership, internet skills and experience, internet knowledge and access, time spent on the internet, purposes for using the internet, and barriers to using the internet. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to examine gender differences in internet usage. The results indicated that 98.6% of males and 92.5% of females were internet users. More females (55.7%) had attended a computer training course than males (46.8%). No gender differences were obtained in internet skills; however, males experienced significantly higher levels of internet experience than females (p < .01). Males and females first started using the internet at home, they accessed the internet daily, they obtained their internet knowledge from self-study, and used the internet most frequently at home. Both males and females used the internet most frequently to “chat with friends” and rarely used the internet for “electronic group discussions”. When asked to indicate purposes for internet usage, significant gender differences were obtained for five items: to obtain general information, to download music/games, for online banking, for social networking, and for chatting with friends. The biggest barriers to using the internet for both males and females were a lack of time and cost of using.
Keywords: Gender differences; internet usage; college students; India
*Professor, Department of Psychology, 461 Alfond Hall, Saint Joseph’s College of Maine, Standish, ME, USA. Email: neduljee@sjcme.edu, Corresponding author.
**Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Guru Nanak Khalsa College Matunga, Mumbai, India, Email: suchitraskumar@gmail.com
***Student, University of Mumbai, India, Email: sanaea1998@gmail.com
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| 4 | Relationship between Social Intelligence and Academic Achievement of College Students in Mizoram |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 22-26
Authors: Gloria Lalchhanhimi* and R.P. Vadhera**
Humans have been created to live together, to share; not only material things but especially our thoughts and feelings. Social intelligence (SI) now holds a significant place in the life of the students, at the same time many factors are influencing an individual’s academic achievement. Thus, this paper tries to find out the impact of social intelligence on the academic achievement of students studying in different undergraduate courses. The data of this research were obtained through the use of questionnaires that draw out information on the students’ SI level as well as their academic achievement. This paper reflects the relationship of college students’ SI with their academic achievement with regard to the streams of studies they chose. Findings reveal that college students of Mizoram have good SI; however, it does not have a significant impact on the academic achievement of college students. Detailed findings and their implications are explained in this paper.
Keywords: Social Intelligence, Academic Achievement
*Corresponding Authors, Ph.D Scholar, Department of Education, Mizoram University, Aizawl,.Mizoram,Email-sgloria444@gmail.com Phone- +91 8794593269
**Professor, Department of Education, Pro Vice Chancellor,Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram,Email rpvadhera555@gmail.com
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| 5 | Academic Achievement and Perceived Self efficacy among Secondary School Students |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 27-31
Authors: Mandeep Sharma* and HardeepLal Joshi **
The present study was conducted on a sample of 194 adolescents (95 male and 99 female) with age range of 16 to 18 years, who are studying in XI and XII classes. The sample was selected using stratified random sampling procedure from schools situated in districts of South Haryana.Two districts were chosen from eight districts and then four schools were selected at random, from each school fifty students were selected for the study. All the schools were having same educational affiliation and catered to the needs of low to high socio economic status students. Self-efficacy scale (2001) by Muris was used to collect the proposeddata. The data were analyzed by using Pearson’s Product Moment method of correlation and t –test. For mean comparisons, the sample of school children was classified into two extreme groups i.e.High vs. Low (Mean ± 1 S.D.) on the basis of their scores on academic achievement and self-efficacy score scores of students were compared.The results showed that (i) Academic Self-efficacy and Emotional self-efficacy has significant positive correlation with academic achievement (ii) The two extreme groups (high vs. low) on self-efficacy showed significant differences on their academic achievement levels.
Keywords: Academic Self-efficacy, emotional self-efficacy, academic achievement
* Assistant Professor & Head, Department of Psychology, KLP (PG) College Rewari, Haryana Email: mandeeppsy@gmail.com
**Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, Email: hljoshi@kuk.ac.in
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| 6 | Adjustment Problems of Adolescent: A Study of English Medium and Assamese Medium School Girls |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 32-37
Authors: Nabanita Chakrabarty*
Adolescence is the most important period of human life. It is considered to be the very special period of human life cycle. It is a period of rapid development which is important for the impact on the total development of human personality. The rapid physical development cause undue worries in both boys and girls. The present study was conducted to assess the problems of adolescent girls in the area of physical, social and emotional adjustments. A sample consisting of 300 adolescent girls 150 from co-educational Assamese medium school and 150 from co-educational English medium schools of Kamrup district (M) of Assam was taken for the study. R.K. Ojha Bells Adjustment Inventory and a self-devised questionnaire were used to collect data from the sample. The statistical measures adopted were: Mean, standard Deviation and t-test. The results revealed that there is significant difference of problems of adjustment between the adolescent girls studying in English medium and Assamese medium schools.
Keywords: Adolescence, Adjustment, Emotional, Physical, Social
* Assistant Professor, Dept. of Applied Psychology, NERIM Group of Institutions, Guwahati. Assam,India, Email: chaborty_nabanita@ rediffmail.com
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| 7 | Moderators and Mediators of Distress and Positive Coping in Undergraduate Students |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 38-48
Authors: Selwyn Stanley* and Mettilda G.B.**
Students in higher education face considerable amount of stress relating to academic demands, family issues and several other factors well documented in the literature. Issues relating to resilience and coping are important in this regard. Emotional intelligence is acknowledged as an attribute that aids one’s overall adjustment. This study was conducted in a college for women students in India.The current study sought to understand stress experienced by undergraduate students along with an assessment of the extent of resilience, coping and emotional intelligence manifested in them. We were also interested in understanding the role played by resilience and emotional intelligence in the pathway from psychological distress to coping. A longitudinal design was used to assess change in these attributes over time as students moved from course entry to completion. A quantitative design was used and data collected using survey methodology. Data were collected from sixty-four students from two undergraduate programmes using standardised instruments to measure the key variables of the study.A significant change in emotional intelligence scores was seen at the point of course completion. It was also seen that resilience exerted a significant direct effect on emotional intelligence and both moderated as well as mediated the pathway between distress and positive coping. Resilience is a key variable that buffers the impact of stress as well as determines the efficacy of coping. Measures to strengthen student resilience would have significant benefits in terms of mitigating the effect of stress for students.
Keywords: Resilience, Emotional Intelligence, Coping, Stress, Undergraduate student
*Senior Lecturer in Social Work, Faculty of Health, Social Care & Medicine, Edge Hill University Ormskirk, UK, Email: selwyn.stanley @edgehill.ac.uk, Orcid: 0000-0001-9885-2890 (corresponding author)
**Head, Department of Social Work, Cauvery College for Women, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India Email: narmetm@yahoo.com, Orcid: 0000-0002-6816-6299
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| 8 | Aggression among Students with and without Part-time Job |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 49-54
Authors: Riffat Sadiq* and Amina Mushtaq**
The present paper aimed at probing aggression among university students with part time job while comparing them with students without part time job. It was assumed that students with part time job would significantly report more aggression, physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility than students without part time job. Sample comprised of two hundred (n = 160) University students including one hundred (n =80) with part time job and one hundred (n = 80) without part time job. Through, convenient sampling technique, participants were selected from different departments of Public and Private sector Universities of Faisalabad city. With their written consent for being the volunteer participants of the present study, data was collected administering Demographic Information Form and Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992). Statistical analysis of raw data (independent t- test) depicted university students with part time job reporting more aggression and physical aggression than students without part time job. Nevertheless, verbal aggression, anger and hostility were more or less equally observed in both groups. The present findings infer that academic tasks along with job responsibilities are detrimental for their health.
Keywords: Students, University, Aggression, Part-time job
*Assistant Professor,Department of Applied Psychology,Govt. College for Women University, Madina Town,Faisalabad, Pakistan, Email: drriffat.haider@gcwuf.edu.pk(corresponding author)
**Headmistress, Govt. Girls Elementary School Mora Khurd, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan Email: aminamushtaq1123@gmail.com
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| 9 | Perceived Stress among Undergraduate Students of Selected Medical Colleges in Maharashtra |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 55-58
Authors: Sinku Kumar Singh*
The purpose of the study was to determine the severity of stress among medical students A total 735 medical students from medical colleges of Maharashtra were selected for the present study. Gadzella’s (1991) Students-life Stress Inventory (SSI) was used to measure perceived stress. The SSI provided an overall perceived stress value by initially asking, “Rate your overall level of stress: mild, moderate, or severe”. This overall perceived stress value was compared to total stress scores. The percentage was used to identify the overall perceived stress of year wise medical students. The findings of the study indicates that, fourth year and second year medical students have severe level stress as compared to first and third year medical students. The overall, mild stress perceived 48.57% medical students, 34.55% medical students reported moderate stress and 16.87% medical students reported severe level of stress. The fourth year and second medical students were suffered more severity of stress as compared than their counterparts.
Keywords: Perceived stress, Medical students
*School of Educational Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded Maharashtra, Email: drsinkusingh@gmail.com
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| 10 | Efficacy of Planetary Peace Meditation (PPM) of Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) System in Enhancing Academic Performance of High School children: A Case study |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 59-64
Authors: Ramya Ashwin *, Poorna Kraleti **, KVT Gopal *** and Nanduri, V.S ****
Various factors inside and outside the school contribute for the level of academic performance of high school students, such as professionalism, skills and abilities on the part of the teachers; provision of library facilities, laboratory, appropriate teaching-learning processes and instructional strategies; effective communication between the individuals; formation of good terms and conditions and usage of technology and evaluation methods. The other factors that influence the academic performance of the students are home environment, financial position of their families, conditions of poverty, provision of tuitions and assistance at home, counselling and guidance, occurrence of conflicts and disputes, potential employment opportunities, household chores, needs and requirements of other family members and occasional domestic violence and criminal acts. The attitude a student takes towards his/her education also is an important determinant of academic performance. Several studies have been reported on positive effects of meditation on student performance. The authors conducted this qualitative outcome study to explore the effects of planetary peace meditation (PPM) on the academic performance of 10th class students after 8 months of practicing PPM of the Yoga Prana Vidya System (YPV). The findings show positive influence of PPM on the SSLC examination results. This outcome encouraged the managements of other schools in the surrounding area also to adopt PPM in their daily programme. The authors conclude that despite methodological limitations in the study, there is prima facie evidence to show that the PPM process of YPV is highly useful in academic environment, and can be adopted in all educational institutions for better academic and overall results of students and the performance of teachers as well.
Keywords: academic performance, High School students, Yoga Prana Vidya System, Planetary Peace Meditation
*YPV Practitioner & Researcher, Yoga Prana Vidya Ashram, Sri Ramana Trust, Thally-635118, TN, India, E-mail: Ramya_u1000@yahoo.com
**Psychologist, YPV Healer & Instructor, Visakhapatnam, AP, India, E-mail: poornakraleti@gmail.com
***Professor of Dermatology, MIMS, Vizianagaram, AP, India, E-mail: kvtgopal77@gmail.com
****(Corresponding author),Consultant - Research & Publications, Yoga Prana Vidya Ashram, Thally-635118, TN, India, E-mail: vsnanduri@yahoo.com
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| 11 | Social Predictors of Videogame Addiction among Adolescent Students |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 65-71
Authors: Deepthi Balla* and Asha. Nerla**
Now-a-days all of us have become mobile dependent. We are unable to comprehend the extent to which it made us dependent on it. It does great damage to the health (both physical and mental) of both children and adolescents alike. The present study was carried out to examine how adolescents are getting addicted to videogames. Further the study is also planned to examine the pattern of videogame addiction in adolescents. A sample of 100 ( 52 males and 48 female) 9th graders from four private schools were selected following purposive sampling procedure. All the students were in the age range of 13 to 16 years. All the participants were administered the Gaming Addiction Scale(GAS) and checklist composed with a list of game genres and games regularly played by this age group, were administered uniformly to all the participants. The data were analyzed using coefficient of correlation, regression and correspondence analysis. Results revealed that 18.37 percent of the participants fall in the normal, 53.06 percent in mild gaming problems and 28.57 percent fall problematic categories. Step-wise regression analysis revealed that the age of starting the game is significant predictor of video game addiction in the sample. Results also reveal that videogame addiction in the sample is affected by start-age-game, while the particular game genre is also identified.
Keywords: Start age game, introduce game, type of game, problem, conflict and withdrawal subscales
*Guest Faculty, Visakha Govt.Degree &P.G.College,Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Email: deep.emot@gmail.com ( corresponding author)
**M.Sc.,Psychology, IIndYear Student,Visakha Govt.Degree &P.G.College,Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh, India, Email: ashanerla@gmail.com
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| 12 | Student’s Epistemological Beliefs and their evaluation of Socio-Scientific Issues (SSIs): Review Study |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 72-76
Authors: Deepshikha Paliwal*
In the science education system, Socio-Scientific Issues (SSIs) are developed as a new pedagogy to make students able to engage in discussions related to the social issues having technological associations. These issues demand critical thinking ability and analysis of information from multiple perspectives. Psychologists have argued that student’s Epistemological Beliefs influence their thinking and learning process. Therefore, present study tries to understand the possible relationship between student’s Epistemological Beliefs and their evaluation of SSIs. Popular databases like JSTOR, SCOPUS, ERIC and Google Scholar were used to access the available literature related to the objective of the study. After reviewing current literature, this study concludes that students with sophisticated levels of Epistemological Beliefs deal better with SSIs. These students have developed conceptions related to the Nature of Science (NOS) which facilitates them to evaluate information from multiple perspectives and justify the evidences while dealing with SSIs. Implications of this study for teaching and learning are also discussed.
Keywords: Review Study, Epistemological Beliefs, Nature of Science (NOS) views, Socio-scientific Issues (SSIs)
*Research Scholar, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, IIT Roorkee, Uttarakhand (247667), Contact number- 7409732424, Mail: dpaliwal@hs.iitr.ac.in
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| 13 | Effect of Fomo on Loneliness and Life Satisfaction among Young Adults |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 77-82
Authors: Neeraj Panwar* and K. Mohamed Aadil**
Fear of missing out, popularly known as FOMO is a phenomenon which leads individuals to feel anxious that they are missing out on interesting, exciting and productive events or experiences. By FOMO, individuals tend to develop a compulsion to stay connected and be aware of events happening around them and it is aroused much by the posts on social media. Currently, individuals have a tendency to evaluate their lives based on FOMO and it also affects their self-esteem. Therefore, FOMO can possibly affect the life satisfaction of an individual and also increase their feeling of loneliness since they feel they are the only ones left out and the rest of the world is being involved in some events or experiences. Thus, this study was conducted with an objective of understanding the effect of FOMO on loneliness and life satisfaction among young adults. The study followed a quasi-experimental design wherein 19, 20 and 21 individuals with low, moderate and high FOMO respectively were chosen as samples (N= 60) and data was collected. One-way ANOVA was run on the data using SPSS and the results shows that there is no significant difference in loneliness and life satisfaction among young adults with low, moderate and high FOMO. Though FOMO acts as a stressor for most of the young adults, it is not reflecting on their life satisfaction and their feeling of loneliness.
Keywords: FOMO, loneliness, life satisfaction.
*Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Christ (Deemed-to-be) University, Bangaluru, Karnataka, Email: nnpanwar83 @gmail.com
**M.Sc. Psychology (Counseling Specialization), P.G. Department of Psychology, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bangaluru, Karnataka , Corresponding author, Email: mkmohamedaadil@outlook.com
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| 14 | A Study of Personality Profile of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 83-86
Authors: R.N. Singh* and Shubhra S. Bhardwaj**
Ulcerative colitis as a disease affects over thousands of people in India and the world. Its health burden is on the rise all over the globe. This study was conducted to assess the personality profile of patients with ulcerative colitis and compare them with normal control participants. A group of 30 ulcerative colitis outdoor patients inthe age range of 40-55 years was purposively sampled. Only those patients were sampled who had not gone under long term treatment. The patients belonged to Jaunpur district (U.P, India). A group of 100 healthy normal subjects was also sampled as the comparison group. The personality characteristics of both the groups were measured on 16PF questionnaire. The two groups were found to differ significantly on eight personality factors (A, E,G, N, O, Q1, Q2& Q3).This suggests that ulcerative colitis patients possess different personality traitsas compared to the normal participants.
Keywords: Ulcerative colitis, Inflammatory bowl disease, personality
*Professor of Psychology, B. H. U., Varanasi, U.P.; Email: singhrnbhu@gmail.com
**Assistant Prof. of Psychology, Shri Gandhi PG College, Maltari, Azamgarh, U.P. Email:drshubhrapu@gmail.com
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| 15 | Moral Judgment and Values as Predictors of Religiosity |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 87-92
Religion is defined as a system of faith and worship which consists of a collection of beliefs, practices, and values which are based on the teachings of a spiritual leader. Religion is seen as having the ability to shape an individual’s attitudes and beliefs (Emmons, 1999). Values are important and lasting beliefs or ideals shared by members of any culture that define what is desirable or undesirable. Values influence a person’s behavior and attitude and serve as broad guidelines for action in all situations. Moral judgment involves the cognitive capacity and insight to the relationship between an abstract principle and concrete case and judge the situation as right or wrong keeping in view the knowledge of moral standards. It is the byproduct of individual’s general social experience which enables him to evaluate worthiness or unworthiness of an action as good or bad. In order to explain the Interrelationship between Religiosity, Values & Moral judgment the present study was conducted on 100 females, between the age group of 16 to 20 (mean age 18) years studying at various educational institutions of Haryana. Tools used for data collection were the (1) Religiosity scale (L.I. Bhushan 1970), (2) Study of Values (S.P.Kulshrestha1998), and Moral Judgment Test (Ranjana Gupta 1989). Subjects were contacted in groups for data collection. The responses were scored and statistically analyzed. Pearson’s correlation and stepwise regression analysis were calculated. Results indicated that Religiosity has significant inverse correlations with Moral Realism dimension of moral judgment and Political values dimension of values. Stepwise regression analysis revealed moral realism and communicable responsibility of moral judgment as strong predictors of Religiosity. Political value has also emerged as a predictor of religiosity. These results have important implications in regard to our current understanding of the relationships between Religiosity, Values & Moral judgment.
Keywords: Religiosity, Values, Moral judgment
* Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University. Kurukshetra, Haryana, Email: singhranjana.09@gmail.com
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| 16 | Cognitive Abilities among Young Substance Abusers and Non-users of Himachal Pradesh |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 93-98
Authors: Gayatri Raina* and Bhawna Singh**
The present study was undertaken with the purpose of measuring the verbal intelligence, non-verbal intelligence and memory among substance abusers and non-users. The objective was also to evaluate how intelligence and memory varies among the selected sample of young substance abusers and non-users. The study was conducted on 50 individuals for each category i.e. substance abusers and non-users. Thus, a total sample of 100 persons was selected in the age group of 20 to 25 years. The General Mental Ability Test for adults (GMAT) developed by Jalota and Tandon (1971) was administered to measure the verbal intelligence; Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) developed by Raven (1936) was used to measure the non-verbal intelligence and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)-digit span designed by Wechsler (1955) was administered to measure memory of the selected sample. T-test was carried out to see the significance of difference between substance abusers and non-users on intelligence and memory. The results indicated that verbal intelligence, non-verbal intelligence and memory among non-users were significantly higher as compared to the substance abusers.
Keywords: Verbal intelligence, non-verbal intelligence, memory, substance abusers, non-users.
*Asstt. Prof., Dept of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla-171005 (H.P.). Email: gayatri.raina3@gmail.com.
**Research Scholar, Dept of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla-171005 (H.P.). Email: 93bhawna.singh@gmail.com
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| 17 | Cognitive Styles as Predictors of Adaptive and Non Adaptive Defense Mechanisms |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 99-105
Authors: Rakesh Sharma*and Gurminder Sokhey**
The purpose of present study is to determine if (Field dependent/field independent) cognitive style is a significant predictor of Adaptive (mature) and maladaptive (Neurotic and immature) defense mechanisms. The sample comprised 300 Post Graduate and research (M. Phil. & PhD) students (males=150 and females= 150) selected from the various departments of Punjabi University Patiala. The age range of the participants was between 22 to 30 yrs. They were assessed by using Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40) and Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT). It was hypothesized that: (i) Field independent (FI) cognitive styles would be positively correlated with adaptive (mature) defense mechanisms and negatively with maladaptive (neurotic and immature) defense mechanisms. (ii) Field independent (FI) cognitive style would be a significant predictor of adaptive (mature) defense mechanisms and contribute positively to its variance. (iii) Field independent (FI) cognitive style would be a significant predictor of maladaptive (neurotic and immature) defense mechanisms and contribute negatively to its variance. Results revealed that Field independent cognitive style was positively correlated with adaptive (mature) defense mechanisms and negatively with combined scores of maladaptive (neurotic and immature) defenses. Further, field independent cognitive style positively predicted the adaptive (mature) defense mechanisms and accounted for 25% of the variance in it. Whereas, it negatively predicted maladaptive (neurotic + immature) defense mechanisms accounting for 12% of the variance in it. Simple linear regression was also computed separately for neurotic and immature ego defense mechanisms. Results revealed no correlation of cognitive styles with neurotic defense mechanisms. However, they were negatively correlated with immature defense mechanisms (r = 0.39) significant at (p < .001) and it negatively accounted for 15% of the variation.
Keywords: Cognitive Styles, Adaptive Ego Defense Mechanisms, Maladaptive Ego Defense Mechanisms.
*Psychiatric Social Worker, Civil Hospital, Kapurthala, Panjab, Email: Rakesh.sharma.psy@gmail.com
** Professor, Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Pb. Email: g_sokhey@yahoo.com
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| 18 | Personality and Job Involvement as Antecedents of Organizational Citizenship Behavior among MNC Executives |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 106-109
Authors: Deepika Sharma* and O.P.Sharma**
For the survival and prosperity of any organization, there is a need of employees who behave as good citizens and engage themselves in all sorts of positive behaviors. Considering the importance and value of good citizenship for the organizations, it has become important to understand the nature and sources of OCB (Organ, 1988). So, the present study examines the relationships of personality and job involvement with OCB in MNC Executives. For this purpose, a sample comprising of 300 MNC Executives (150 males and 150 females) 30 years or more of age was selected. All participants were administered Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale, NEO-Personality Inventory-R and Job Involvement Scale. Data were analyzed with the help of Pearson’s product moment correlation. Results showed that there was a positive and significant association of extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness on OCB in males and females executives whereas neuroticism was found to be negatively significantly with OCB. Openness in males and conscientiousness in females emerged as strongly correlated with OCB. Job involvement and OCB were significantly and positively associated.
Keywords: Personality, Job Involvement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur (Rajasthan), Email: deepi07sharma@gmail.com
**Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur (Rajasthan), Email: opbrd65@gmail.com
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| 19 | Poverty in a Below Poverty Village: A Phenomenological Experience |
Indian Journal of Psychology and Education
Artilces 2020
, Vol 10
, No. 2
, pp 110-113
Authors: Sonu Bharti* and Pallavi Bhatnagar**
Despite India’s record of rapid economic growth and policies for poverty reduction over recent decades, rising inequality in the country has been a subject of concern among policy makers, academician and activists alike. Poverty and Social Exclusion are closely knit and are a typical characteristic of rural India along with division on lines of caste, tribe, socio economic status, age and gender. These inequalities are more structural in nature and have kept the discriminated groups trapped, unable to validate their personhood what to talk of growth. The cultural belief system as well as, the social fabric perpetuate inequality, reinforcing culture of poverty that afflicts disadvantaged groups. The psyche trapped there in is unknown, unheard and hence become silent voice. The present paper attempts to unfold the life of two farm labour referred here as A & B living in a below poverty line (BPL) village of Jaunpur district known as Lebrua village in the framework of phenomenological perspective. The narrative analysis in the present paper reveals the experience of poverty.
Keywords: BPL group, poverty, phenomenological experience.
*Lecturer,District Institute of Education Training, JUP,Email: sonubharti86@gmail.com
**Professor, Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow.UP,Email:Dr.Pallavib@gmail.com
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